Chemistry Definition of Gas Constant (R)

Chemistry and physics equations commonly include R, which is the symbol for  the gas constant, molar gas constant, or universal gas constant. The Gas Constant is the physical constant in the equation for the Ideal Gas Law: PV nRT P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, and T is temperature. Its also found in the Nernst equation relating the reduction potential of a half-cell to the standard electrode potential: E   E0  - (RT/nF)lnQ E is the cell potential, E0 is the standard cell potential, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature, n is the number of mole of electrons exchanged, F is Faradays constant, and Q is the reaction quotient. The gas constant is equivalent to the Boltzmann constant, just expressed in units of energy per temperature per mole, while the Boltzmann constant is given in terms of energy per temperature per particle. From a physical standpoint, the gas constant is a proportionality constant that related the energy scale to the temperature scale for a mole of particles at a given temperature. Units for the gas constant vary, depending on other units used in the equation. One common value is  8.3145 J/mol ·K. Value of the Gas Constant The value of the gas constant R depends on the units used for pressure, volume and temperature. R 0.0821 liter ·atm/mol ·KR 8.3145 J/mol ·KR 8.2057 m3 ·atm/mol ·KR 62.3637 L ·Torr/mol ·K or L ·mmHg/mol ·K Why R Is Used for the Gas Constant Some people assume the symbol R is used for the gas constant in honor of the French chemist Henri Victor Regnault, who performed experiments that were first used to determine the constant. However, its unclear whether his name is the true origin of the convention used to denote the constant. Specific Gas Constant A related factor is the specific gas constant or individual gas constant. This may be indicated by R or Rgas. It is the universal gas constant divided by the molar mass (M) of a pure gas or mixture. This constant is specific to the particular gas or mixture (hence its name), while the universal gas constant is the same for an ideal gas.

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Tang Poetry Developed in China - 603 Words

The genre of Tang poetry, developed during the Tang dynasty in China, can be split into several different styles, however they all share common themes. Tang poems evoke the mood, scene, and spirit of nature. Li Bo, known as one of the most famous Tang poets, added an extra aspect to Tang poetry by embodying Daoist ideals which gives his poem a free, flowing quality. Li Bo also departed from typical Tang poetry diction and rhyme, which had strict tone patterns, and preferred older poetic forms such as songs or ballads. Li Bo’s poem, Drinking Alone with the Moon, uses tradition Tang poetic elements to influence the reader to bond with nature and lose one’s human ties, a Daoist philosophy. Tang poets often use natural imagery to have the reader ponder the spirit of nature. Li Bo uses this convention to stress Daoist ideals. The imagery in â€Å"Drinking Alone with the Moon† is meant to influence the reader to bond with nature and lose one’s human ties, a part of the Daoist philosophy. In the beginning, it is said, â€Å"A pot of wine among the flowers / I drink alone, no friend with me† (1-2). These lines describe the timeless image of a man sitting alone in the moonlight drinking alone, creating a solitary, peaceful setting for the reader. Li Bo describes the Daoist universal image. Everyone can relate to the other because, at some point in time, everyone longs for friends but must be alone instead. His message is that it is then that one can reach ultimate bliss by befriendingShow MoreRelatedChina677 Words   |  3 PagesSui Dynasty (589 – 618 CE) was a short lived Imperial Chinese dynasty, preceded by the Southern and Northern Dynasties. It unified China for the first time after nearly four centuries of north-south division. It was followed by the Tang Dynasty. Founded by Emperor Wen of Sui, the capital was Chang’an. 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Journal Entries And Type Of Fund For Each Entry †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Journal Entries And Type Of Fund For Each Entry. Answer: Journal entries and type of fund for each entry to be made: Serial Number Particulars Debit amount (in $) Credit amount (in $) 1 Cash Account..Dr To Revenues from Contributions Account 30,000 30,000 2 Resources released from Restriction AccountDr To Cash Account 21,000 21,000 3 Equipment AccountDr To Resources released from Restriction Account 21,000 21,000 4 Depreciation Expense Account...Dr To Accumulated Depreciation Account 7,000 (21,000/3) 7,000 (21,000/3) Based on the provided scenario, four journal entries have been passed in the context of Discovery Barn, which is a not-for-profit centre for children. In accounting, there are two types of funds, which include restricted and unrestricted funds. In the words of Granof, Khumawala Smith (2016), a restricted fund is a monetary reserve, which could be used only for particular purposes. With the help of restricted funds, reassurance is provided to donors regarding their use of contributions in a way they are selected. On the other hand, unrestricted fund is a donation, which a non-profit organisation might utilise for any purpose. The first two journal entries made belong to the restricted fund category. This is because the fund is designated explicitly for the acquisition of computers. In addition, it could be classified further as a temporarily restricted fund, since the organisation could not purchase any other asset from the contributions received. Hence, it is to be used for a specific purpose for a particular timeframe. For the second entry, the organisation has made a purchase of computers amounting to $21,000 in the same year. This is treated as restricted fund as well, since the resources are released from restrictions in the form of cash (Hillman Kindschy, 2018). On the contrary, the last two journal entries fall under the unrestricted fund category. This is because the desired equipment is purchased and the amount received from contributions is released. Finally, the depreciation expense could not be controlled, since the value of the equipment would fall with the passage of time and it has economic life of three years. References: Granof, M. H., Khumawala, S. B., Smith, D. L. (2016).Government and Not-for-profit Accounting, Binder Ready Version: Concepts and Practices. John Wiley Sons. Hillman, N., Kindschy, A. (2018). The Finance Conundrum for Higher Education. InBuilding Capacity in Institutional Research and Decision Support in Higher Education(pp. 113-132). Springer, Cham.